1 Samuel 11:2

Authorized King James Version

And Nahash the Ammonite answered them, On this condition will I make a covenant with you, that I may thrust out all your right eyes, and lay it for a reproach upon all Israel.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר
answered
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם
near, with or among; often in general, to
#3
נָחָשׁ֙
And Nahash
nachash, the name of two persons apparently non-israelite
#4
הָֽעַמּוֹנִ֔י
the Ammonite
an ammonite or (the adjective) ammonitish
#5
בְּזֹאת֙
them On this
this (often used adverb)
#6
אֶכְרֹ֣ת
condition will I make
to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt
#7
לָכֶ֔ם
H0
#8
בִּנְק֥וֹר
a covenant with you that I may thrust out
to bore (penetrate, quarry)
#9
לָכֶ֖ם
H0
#10
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#11
עֵ֣ין
eyes
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
#12
יָמִ֑ין
all your right
the right hand or side (leg, eye) of a person or other object (as the stronger and more dexterous); locally, the south
#13
וְשַׂמְתִּ֥יהָ
and lay
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#14
חֶרְפָּ֖ה
it for a reproach
contumely, disgrace, the pudenda
#15
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#16
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#17
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
upon all Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Analysis

This verse develops the covenant theme central to 1 Samuel. The concept of covenant reflects the development of covenant within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of covenant within the theological tradition of 1 Samuel Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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